So they blew out the first candle with the baby on his birthday. A personality is formed. The second year of life is a serious stage. Already from this age it is necessary to pay due attention to development. The child no longer only eats and sleeps, he actively learns the world around him. How to develop a child at 1 year old in such a way that he is interested, that he listens to you with pleasure, repeats game actions? What at this age the kid will really perceive with enthusiasm? Let's take a closer look.

Features of the development of a child from 1 year

During the first year of his life, the baby has already mastered many lessons, but he still has much more to learn. There are a lot of discoveries, emotions, skills ahead. Parents should be the first helpers along the way. At this age, on the way to everything unknown and new, the child may have certain fears and doubts. The question of how to develop a child at 1 year old is faced by many mothers, fathers, and grandmothers.

In fact, there is nothing complicated about this. Be always there, help the baby, devote more time to developing games and activities. Children at this age have natural wisdom, they have an irrepressible craving for knowledge. In many ways, they simply begin to imitate adults, so set examples that will encourage the baby to learn something new.

Many children by the age of one already begin to walk, after two months they move quite quickly and even run. The growth of the organism during this period slows down a little, all resources are spent on the development of all systems. In this period, it is necessary to focus on sports developmental activities for children 1-2 years old to form dexterity, proper coordination of movements. Suitable exercises for wall bars, ball games, simple gymnastics, exercises, swimming in the pool or bath. Do not limit physical activity at this age. The kid should run around freely, show a craving for research, get to know the world around him, and communicate with people.

Start with your baby as early as possible

How early should you start developing comprehensive knowledge in a child? The debate on this issue is endless. Someone claims that the baby should gradually learn everything himself, all the necessary knowledge will come to him gradually. Opponents of this point of view object that development should be started from the first year of life, as soon as the baby has an interest in the world around him. Supporting this theory, teachers create books, manuals that develop pictures for children from 1 year old.

The only unequivocal opinion is that children under the age of five are like a blank sheet of paper. Their active brain is ready to memorize huge amounts of information. So why not take advantage of this fact? In addition to self-care skills, help your child to better understand the world around them, teach them to distinguish colors, shapes, and plants. Feed his brain with useful information.

Development centers for children from 1 year old

Many parents who are interested in early education are familiar with the Montessori system. She reveals the secrets to parents on how to develop a child at 1 year old. This system was created at the beginning of the 20th century by the Italian teacher Maria Montessori. Its supporters appeared in many other countries.

What is this system? At the beginning, Maria Montessori paid more attention to those children who lagged behind in development, but over time, her methods began to be applied in the upbringing of completely healthy children. Psychologists and teachers use this technique to teach a child to make independent decisions, to be independent in actions and judgments, but at the same time to comply with generally accepted norms and rules.

It should be noted that in such groups, children do not have ordinary toys (dolls, cars, guns). But you can see educational toys for children from 1 year old - these are puzzles, cubes, sorters, musical instruments. The Montessori system makes it possible for the child to develop self-service skills, he learns to eat, drink, play, dress.

At home, parents must adhere to these principles, and then there is a guarantee that the baby will become a self-sufficient person. From childhood, he will be instilled with the skills of proper communication in society. Such a child can easily cope with any situations and get out of them with dignity.

In Moscow, there are development centers for children from 1 year old that work according to this method, these are Montessori Garden, Steps, Club early development" and some others.

Games for children 1 year old

It is in the second year of life that the baby begins to settle into social society. Learns to play with mom, sister or brother. Growing up, he finds friends on the playground, the social circle expands. He enjoys looking at new people, listening to them, watching the games of others, trying to participate.

Games for children 1 year old should be quite diverse. Develop motor skills. Under the supervision of adults, set several tasks: sorting something small, you can take large beads, nuts, chestnuts, pompoms. Items can be different colors, invoices. Let the child arrange them in the desired cells or trays.

Oversleeping, transfusion develops spatial thinking in the baby. In the bathroom, give the child the opportunity to play, let him pour water from one container to another. You can also play with kinetic sand or with any grits. This will develop perseverance, concentration. Everyone remembers the "silent kid" who got to the bag of flour.

Buy educational pictures for children from 1 year old. They will allow you to learn to recognize various objects. Draw more often with the baby, give him the opportunity to create on his own. Let him not succeed in a masterpiece, but the process itself will give him great pleasure. Let him draw with anything - pencils, paints, chalk. Do not forget about outdoor games, do physical exercise, show how to walk in place, squat, throw balls.

What to play?

Often, parents cannot understand what kind of toys at this age to buy for a baby, and offer him everything in a row. You don't have to do that. At this age, the child is not able to make an independent choice and does not pay long attention to one thing. It is best to purchase educational toys for children from 1 year old, which will help the baby not only play, but at the same time think, think, make decisions.

These can be cubes, various pyramids, large puzzles, a constructor, sorters with animals, vegetables, fruits, a large magnetic, plastic or wooden mosaic. For general development different baby dolls, dolls, cars will do. Sometimes an educational cartoon for children from 1 year old can throw the idea of ​​a new toy. Toddlers love to play with characters from their favorite stories. At the same time, they develop their imagination and come up with the plots of the game themselves.

Get creative

As soon as the baby learned to sit, took a vertical position, he realized that he had a huge, interesting world in front of him. It became even more interesting to him when he took the first steps. A mother must constantly look for sources of knowledge for her child. Creativity can be a great help.

From an early age with children, you can not only draw. Engage in modeling, make applications, assemble a designer, learn together to make images from a mosaic, allow him to participate in the process, encourage his impulses of creativity.

Similar classes are practiced in Moscow by developing circles for children from 1 year old. "Mosaic", "Rainbow", "Anthill" are very popular with mothers. A lot of safe material has been created for the unthinking, and this allows them to develop Creative skills: kinetic sand, finger paints, safe plasticine. Many practice modeling from dough, which is tinted with food paints.

We develop fine motor skills

The nerve endings that are responsible for the coordination of the fingers are located in the brain, in close proximity to the center responsible for speech. Therefore, any finger games will help the baby start talking faster.

How to develop the motor skills of a 1 year old child? Do baby easy massage of palms, fingers, while diluting mechanical strokes with various nursery rhymes, songs. See how he likes it.

You can give assignments. Play with beads. Try to teach your baby to throw them in the neck plastic bottle and then take it out. In no case do not leave him alone with small objects, he may accidentally swallow them.

Make the tasks harder gradually. A curious activity for children will be pushing pasta and other thin objects into the holes of the colander.

Buy a developing table for children from 1 year old, it provides games for fine motor skills.

At this age, children love to play with dough. Let your baby "help" you in the kitchen. Let him play with the dough and mold anything out of it, imitating you, roll balls, pancakes. All these entertainments are not only interesting, but also very useful.

Choosing a development table

A developing table for children from 1 year old is usually equipped with a set that will allow the baby to fully develop. The kit includes the following items:

• levers and multi-colored buttons, when pressed, music sounds;
• details reproducing the voices of animals, the sounds of musical instruments;
• light elements;
• moving figurines.

All this diversity allows the child to develop hearing, taste buds, touch (listening, biting, touching beautiful buttons). At first glance, it may seem that the baby does not understand anything. However, at this age, the “accumulative effect” works perfectly, and soon the child will repeat without errors all the actions that the elders showed him.

Since it is easier to develop a child at 1 year old with improvised means, we advise parents to buy such a table. It will allow you to develop fine and gross motor skills, master the size different items, distinguish the voices of animals, develop speech, hearing, have fun and play at the same time.

Cartoons. Communication with peers

In the second year of life, the child is just beginning his acquaintance with the outside world, so watching TV should not take him much time. You can watch cartoons at this age for a very short time, and, of course, the plots must be appropriate. Limit screen time, don't let watching become the only pleasure and entertainment. Choose an educational cartoon for children from 1 year old wisely and right approach. Modern rental offers a huge number of children's cartoons, both Russian and foreign. Give preference to our "cartoons", their kind and informative stories will interest the baby. The generation of "Pokemon" and "monsters" has already led our society to the fact that children simply moved to live in gaming networks. It's time to stop this. From an early age, begin to limit your baby's views and strictly control his tastes in the future. For children of 1 year old, such educational cartoons as “Leva the Truck”, “Tini Love”, “Aha-Aha Turtle”, “Aunt Owl” are perfect. Useful at this age are displays that will help you remember colors, numbers, letters, names of objects and animals.

Do not forget that harmonious development child can only occur in communication with peers. Do not close the baby in the apartment, do not limit his communication with mom, dad, grandparents. The child should get used to society, the process of learning about the world around him goes much faster this way. Playing with peers, the baby learns something useful and new. Visit playgrounds, development centers, game rooms with him.

Books

Conducting developmental classes for children 1-2 years old, no doubt you need to read books to them, show pictures. At this age, children absorb all the information provided like a sponge. Although their speech is not yet developed, everything new is accumulating in the brain. Soon the acquired knowledge will pour out. You need to tell the kids, show, explain absolutely everything. Toddlers are very interested in looking at books that they have already encountered in their lives. Therefore, they begin to love them at an early age.

Basically, books for one-year-olds are somewhat similar. They do not abound with text, the main thing in them is colorful, beautiful pictures. There is an acquaintance with the outside world: family, toys, animals, seasons, colors, plants. How to choose a specific book? Listen to your own opinion. According to the content, based on your artistic taste, you can choose anything. As for the technical points, then:

• Illustrations must be of high quality. The text is as small as possible.
• Preference short rhymes, fairy tales. The child will not be able to listen for a long time if the text is very large, he will quickly lose interest.
• The book must be completely secure. Do not buy dubious publications that have a pungent smell, washed out colors. This can harm the baby's health.

It is difficult to single out the “best” educational books for a child of 1 year old. The modern market is overfilled with this product. You can give preference to our old, well-established fairy tales, which were loved in every family. But not the fact that the same thing should please your baby. Modern children differ in many ways from older generations in their development, so watch your child and note for yourself what he prefers.

We develop speech and thinking. What games can be played at home with a child from 1 year to 1 year 3 months and how to play them.

Games for children 1 year old: develop speech and thinking

Dear readers! This article is a continuation of our conversation about educational games for children at 1 year old and a baby development calendar. You will find the beginning in the article And today we will talk about the following issues of child development:

1. Features of the development of verbal communication of a child at 1 year old and their consideration in conducting speech games with babies.
2. Games for the development of a child's speech at 1 year old.
3. Games for the development of speech, games with pictures, games - staging.
4. What will a child learn in games in the period from 1 year to 1 year 3 months.

When does the child start talking? Features of the speech development of a baby from 1 year to 1 year 3 months

Baby's first words

Games for kids are always interesting and fun! There are a lot of games for kids. Which of them does a child aged 1 year to 1 year 3 months need? Which games will develop the speech and thinking of the baby, and which will develop not the baby, but ... the mother, who herself constantly speaks without pauses, shows pictures, but the baby will only get the role of a silent listener to such an active mother. And then the goal of the game will not be achieved, because development occurs only in the vigorous activity of the child himself.

The choice of educational games for the baby is determined by the characteristics of its development. ABOUT age features child development from 1 year to 1 year 3 months, I want to tell a little at the beginning of the article. And then we'll play together :)!

Moms come to my site “Native Path” with different questions. From "How to teach a baby to speak faster - so that he starts saying the words" mom "and" dad "at 3 months?" to “My three-year-old child does not speak. Is this a delay or the norm?

In order to answer these questions, you must first understand what is the word in our life? And what is a word in relation to a baby who is just learning to speak?

A one-year-old baby usually already speaks - pronounces the first words in situations familiar to him. Usually it is 10-12 most simple words: mom, dad, give, boo, grandfather, woman, go, on, top-top, yum-yum, aunt, etc. Words can also be abbreviated, for example: "apa" - a stick, "bobo" - it hurts.

These are the first words of two kids that came to the site "Native Path" for the contest "Smeshinki on the" Native Path ". Guess what those words are? What did the kid want to say?

Here are a few answers that I specifically wrote from right to left so that I could not immediately see the answer, but guess it.

As we see from this example, the first words of the baby are not yet “words” in our “adult” and scientific understanding.

Let's see what the first words are and what a word is.

We all know that a word always refers not to one specific subject, but to their class. That is, any word of our speech is a generalization. For example, a cat is any cat of different sizes and colors and different breeds, live or in a picture.

In relation to a child of the second year of life, generalization means that he learns to name a certain class of objects with one word. For example, a child needs to learn to call the word "duck" or "klya-klya" (quack-quack) both a duck seen in the village and a duck shown in the picture, or a toy duck. Duck baby calls all ducks different color, size, differently depicted.

The word as a generalization will not appear in the child immediately, but only when several stages of development have passed.

Stages of development of the word as a generalization

First stage. At first, in the baby’s speech there will be words that have not one meaning, but many. For example, “pussy” or “kiss” a baby can call not only a cat, but everything fluffy - and fur collar, and a dog, and mom's hair, and a blanket, and a shaggy soft toy. And the word "mom" can mean from "I'm very happy for you!" to "I'm tired", from "Pick me up" to "Give me an apple." And if the baby is asked to show the plate, then it is quite possible that he will bring all the green objects, since his plate is green. This is the first stage of generalization development that a child goes through at 1 year old.

Second stage. It is called "word-name". At this stage, the baby refers the word to only one specific familiar object. The child does not transfer this name to other objects that are different in color and size. For example, "kitty" for him is a specific cat (a cat that lives at home or a cat in a specific picture). In contrast to the first stage, the baby no longer calls other objects with the word “kiss” - hair, fur, etc. A cat for him is just this cat, specific and unique.

Gradually, the baby begins to highlight the main features of objects and begins to use generalization. It will be third stage word development as a generalization in a one-year-old baby. Then the child will call a cat all cats, and different in color, size. He will distinguish a cat from other animals both in the picture, and among toys, and in life.

It is also necessary to take into account the fact that for small child the word lives only in the situation, and not by itself. Talk about a dog without seeing it in this moment He just can't and can't! That is why toys, objects, pictures are always used in the development of children's speech.

Despite the fact that most children already say their first words a year, you should not expect them to use them on their own initiative. Even knowing how to say the words “av-av” or “lyalya”, “duck”, the baby will most likely silently play with toys or look at pictures. In order to awaken the child's need for active speech, to stimulate its development, he needs to communicate with close adults - “What can I give you? Bun? Say give! Give me a bun!”, “What is this?”, “Where is the blanket?”, “Find the dog.”

Very important so that when showing pictures, the child points his finger at the desired picture, and not just nods his head or turns in the right direction. After all, by turning or nodding it is impossible to determine whether the baby coped with the task, whether the object was correctly identified.

Picture game 3. When the child is 1 year 3 months old, you can complicate the game. Gradually, in games, you can increase the number of pictures to 7-9 or more. First, play with 4 pictures (cat, bunny, bear, cockerel). These pictures should depict objects that are familiar to the baby. Of course, the pictures in the game need to be changed - add new ones to the familiar pictures and remove the known ones. By 1 year 6 months it will be possible to use 5-6 or more pictures.

The complication of the game lies not only in the fact that the kid needs to choose the right picture from a larger number of options, but also in the fact that pictures for the game are used more and more complex. For example, in the first game, the kid needs to find a duck from three pictures (duck, bear, doll). As you can see, it is very easy to determine where the duck is from the three proposed options.

And then by the age of 1 year 3 months - 1 year 6 months more complex tasks are used in the game - we take pictures that are similar in meaning, in which it is required to distinguish between similar toys (Where is the duck? cococo).

play in hide and seek with pictures. Give the picture to the child. Let him hide the picture. "Where is the duck? Ku-ku. No duck." Get the picture: "Here's a duck." If necessary, you can take the baby by the handle and act with his handle.

By 1 year 3 months - 1 year 6 months can be entered action pictures:“The girl is sleeping”, “The girl is eating”, “The girl is playing”, “The girl is dancing” and other similar questions and ask questions about actions: “What is the girl doing?”

After mastering the game with pictures, you can play another version of this game - cube games(for older children). Stick subject pictures on the cube and ask the baby to find the Mumu cow, the Bebe sheep, the yoke horse, etc. This exercise is more difficult, since the baby does not see all the faces of the cube. Ask the kid: “Where is our cat? Where did she hide? Here she is! (show the picture on the cube) Pet the cat. Good pussy! And where is our oink-oink piglet?”

Drama games: showing objects and actions with their names

Show your baby small dramatizations with toys. Use in them both ordinary words and onomatopoeia.

Useful tips for conducting dramatization games:

• Be sure to take small pauses during the performance to allow the baby to respond to what is happening - with a word, gesture, even an emotional sound or babble.
• Stimulate the active speech of babies - tell the baby "say, repeat, as the dog says, who is this?"
• Engage your baby in action as much as possible - let him do everything he can do himself - put him to bed, sing a lullaby to "bye-bye" or even "ahh", feed, comb and do any other actions with the toy that you think up in a play-acting.
• Formulate your phrases so that the baby can train not only in onomatopoeia, but also in naming the toy with a full word. By doing this, you help the baby go forward in development. Onomatopoeia he already knows how to speak. And to speak full words is a new task for him. Therefore, ask two questions at once: “Who is this? Dog! How does the dog speak? Aw-aw." Even if the baby only says “av-av” in a dialogue with him, he will hear from you the full version of the word, and soon he will begin to say this word (for example, like this: “abAka” - a dog)
• Show only one toy at a time. Then, removing it, demonstrate another. Showing two toys at once leads to the fact that the baby does not focus attention, is distracted.

An example of a play-play with a doll

Show the baby a doll, knock: “Knock knock! Who has come? This Lyalya doll came to Kolenka! If the child wants to take the doll in his hands, give him the toy. Ask: “Where are the pens? Legs? Mouth? Spout? Eyes? Where is Kolya's mouth? Here is the mouth! Where are the pens? Here are the pens! Where are the legs? Here are the legs!

Show the picture with the doll: “Where is the lala doll? Here is lala! Lala in the picture!

Suddenly there is a barking of a dog: "aw-aw-aw!", the doll hides. Similarly, the dog is considered and where it has paws, tail, ears, eyes, mouth. The kid is shown a picture with a dog: “Where is the dog av-av? Here is the dog aw-aw!"

Then the doll reappears and the dog rejoices at its appearance. Ask the baby: “Where is the Lyalya doll? And where is the dog aw-aw?".

Similarly, in small dramatization games, you can enter any other words into the speech of children, introduce the baby to new pictures and toys. The main thing in such games is to cause the baby to be active: repeating syllables, onomatopoeia, words, actions to find a picture, playing actions with a toy.

Plots for staging games for one-year-old children should be very simple, everyday - a doll rides in a car, a bear came to visit, treat a bunny with a carrot, etc. You can use dramatizations with the consecutive appearance of three characters. For example, another game "Guests have come to us."

The Lyalya doll invited animals to visit her. The horse gallops: hop-hop-hop. Show me how she rides. Say gop-hop-hop! (showing movements with a toy).

The horse knocks on the door to Katya: knock-knock-knock.

Hello, horse (we say hello by touching the baby's hand to the toy). Come to us, come (the horse enters the "house" and disappears from the baby's field of vision - "hides" in the house).

Sheep came (comes new toy). He says: be-be-be. Hello Petya (child's name). Come on, sheep, come to us. Say: "Go! Go!"

The doggie Bug av-av came. The dog barks aw-aw-aw. Knocked on the door: knock-knock-knock. Come to us doggie, go-go! (beckon with a pen). You have a delicious bone, na! Feed your dog a bone. Say: on!

The little animals came to visit Lyalya and began to sing and dance with Lyalya. The dog is dancing (showing movements) av-av-av. The sheep sings be-be-be. The horse jumps hop-hop-hop!

Such simple plots of dramatizations can be invented by yourself. Plots can be taken from the life of a baby - here in our scene a bird flew in and sang a song. Where did this plot come from? And we saw a bird on a walk, watched it, and after a walk we will play this scene with a toy bird.

After showing the skit, you need to give the toys to the child so that he can repeat the actions and words with them.

Game "Orders"

In task games, understanding of speech develops. The kid learns to understand the names of simple actions (baths, dances, eats, walks, falls and others). The game is very simple for you and me, but for the baby it is a real mental challenge.

For the game, you need to come up with a plot and select toys for the game (taking into account the interests of the baby). Some of the kids really like the matryoshka, and they will play with it with pleasure. Others prefer the bunny. The third is "in love" with the car. Here we will play this game with toys beloved and well known to the child.

You name the action, and the baby shows it HIMSELF with a toy (without your prompts and without your sample). For example, you say that the toys went for a ride in a car. The dog sat down (the baby puts a toy dog ​​in the back of the car). The doll has sat down (the child plants the doll). Matryoshka sat down (the child puts a nesting doll in the body). Go! Stop, car. We've arrived. The dog goes top-top-top (Toy dog ​​gets out of the car). Matryoshka goes top-top-top (The kid "brings" the nesting doll out of the car). Doll Lyalya goes top-top-top! (The kid shows how the doll is walking, taking her out of the car) They began to dance. The dog is dancing (the baby shows an action with a toy). Matryoshka is dancing. The doll is dancing. Oops, the doll fell! Oh! Boo, fell! Get up, doll. The doll is dancing.

The plot of the game should be very simple. But since the kid must be guided only by the word in acting out (there is no sample and demonstration of actions in the game), this task is rather difficult for him.

If your child is struggling, help him! And in the next game, he will be happy to cope with a similar task! After all, our task is to teach, and not to arrange "a strict test: understood - did not understand!". The main thing is that we realized that the baby can already, and what he needs help with, because it causes him difficulties.

In the game of instructions, the main thing is to come up with interesting stories, play with joy and inspiration, listening to the interests and desires of the baby! Use your imagination, play like children, rejoice in the success of the baby. And then everything will work out!

Game "Train"

Show a toy train, say: “This is a steam locomotive. And this is a wagon. And here's another wagon. And this is a wagon. Show me where the car is. Here's the wagon! The train goes: choo-choo-choo. The train is humming: uuuuuu! How does he buzz? uuuu! And how does it ride? Choo-choo-choo!" After that, give the toy to the hands of the child. Let him drive the locomotive. Then take the locomotive and drive it around the table or on the sofa, reading poetry:

Steam locomotive buzzed
And he brought wagons.
Choo-choo-choo-choo
I'm far away!

Game "Find and bring"

Take 5 toys familiar to the child and arrange them in two different places in the room. For example, put two toys on a chair and three on a shelf. Toys should be at the level of the baby's eyes.

Arrange the toys (hide them from the child) so that he does not see this.

Tell your baby: “Our toys are hidden. Let's find. Bunny, where are you? Mouse, where are you? Doll Katya, where are you? We begin to “search” for toys with the child. Go to a familiar place where the baby is used to seeing these toys. You will be surprised that they are not there: “Where is the bunny? Is there a bunny here? No bunny! Is there a bear? No bear! Is there Katya? And there is no Katya doll! Go search further. Having found a bunny and a bear on the shelf, ask the baby: “Who is this? Here they are! Show with your finger where the bear is. Where is the bunny? Say: Bear! And who is this? This is Katya doll. Say: Katya. Having found the toys, we go to look for the rest. If the baby himself finds the next toy and brings it to you, then ask: “What did you bring? Say the cat is a kitty. Meow meow!". At the end of the game, praise your baby for helping you find the toys.

Game "Hide and Seek"

Hide the toy and go look for it with your child. Tell the baby: “Where is Petrushka? Where? Here he is! Dance, Petrushka! Let the toy dance and sing.

Our Petrushka-well done
Ran to the other side.
We found Petrushechka,
Let's go dancing with him.
"La la la la la la!
This is my song!
La la la la la la!
I'll dance with you!" (A poem from the book by L.V. Kazmina, O.G. Kolupaeva "Development of a child from one to two years")

Then go look for the next toy and beat the encounter with it.

What will the baby learn in games by 1 year 3 months?

What will the baby learn in such games? How to check its development? Observe the baby and answer the questions below. Can your baby do it? If yes, then congratulations - your efforts have paid off. If not, it means that the baby needs help - pay more attention to games on this topic, and soon the child will please you with his success. Indeed, in teaching kids, the quantity (repetitions of games, time of communication with the child) always turns into quality!

Indicators of speech development of the baby by 1 year 3 months:

• Show with your finger where the toy is (choose the named toy from 3-4 toys): “Where is the car? Where is the dog? Where is the clock? Where is the ball? After the baby points to the objects with his finger, swap them and again ask him to find the car, dog, clock and ball. So you can understand whether the baby is guided by the content of the picture or remembered the usual arrangement of objects.
• Show with your finger where the item of clothing is, choosing it from 4 proposed items (hat, boots / boots, dress, shirt): “Where is the hat? Where are the boots? Where is the dress? Where is the shirt?
• Perform a game action at the request of an adult: “Feed the doll”, “Pet the horse”, “Put the bear in the crib”.
• Navigate the room: “Show me where the table is”, “Where is the clock?”, “Go wash your hands”.
• Use the first children's words: give, mom, no way, go, bang, etc.
• Be guided in two sizes of objects: small or large (difference in size of 3 cm). Can put a small box (or a barrel or matryoshka doll) into a larger one.
• Make a simple building and play with it (for example, build a “car” out of two cubes by placing them next to each other or build a “house” by placing one cube on top of another).
• Walk, squat, bend, turn, back.
• Independently eat thick food with a spoon (porridge, mashed potatoes) from a deep plate. But even a child cannot do it accurately.

These games for children 1 year old- just an approximate basis for your communication with the baby! I believe that you will develop or have already developed your own games, and there are already your favorite ones. If so, I will be glad if you share your experience in the comments.

"Poems for newborns and the smallest"

Who lives in the chest?

Toys: machine, doll, bear, ball.

play around

Put all the toys in the chest, naming them in sequence.

Get toys out of the chest, also naming them sequentially.

Look at you baby

There is a car, a doll, a bear.

Play with the baby in the ball or drive the car. Let the child play independently with the toys he chooses.

Adviсe

Consider toys slowly.

Name each one clearly.

Gently encourage your child to play.

Gather toys in a box

Toys: bunny, doll, bear, ball.

play around

Lay out all the toys near the chest.

Invite the child to play with them as he likes.

After playing, start putting the toys back, clearly naming each one.

Ask your child to help you.

During the game, you can say:

We collect toys

We'll take them to the chest.

Adviсe

Make sure that the child does not throw toys, but folds them neatly.

If a child throws a toy past the chest, pick it up and give it to him.

Show the toy and play with it

Toys: car, duck, two cubes, rattle.

play around

Ask your child to take toys out of the chest and give them to you. Name these toys with your child.

Rattle with a rattle. Drive the machine. Raise and lower the bird, saying: "The bird is flying." Place a cube on a cube. You can pick up the bird and then lower it onto the cube.

Name the toys, and ask the child to find them and show them.

During the game, you can say:

They took the rattle in their hands, shook it ... and gave it to my mother. Our bird flew And got a little tired.

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Show your child different activities with toys.

Put the toy in his hand correctly so that it does not fall out.

Help your child put toys on the blocks.

Let's ride toys

Toys: car, cart, two balls, ball.

play around

Put all the toys in the box.

Take the ball and balls from there. Throw them up and ride.

Get the machine. Roll it with both hands.

Put balloons in the cart, tie a ribbon to it. Ride the ribbon along with the toys.

Encourage your child to do all of these things on their own.

During the game, you can say:

We play with mommy

Let's roll the ball together.

(Roll the ball towards each other.)

Our baby is playing

That's how balls are rolled.

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Roll the ball and the ball in front of the child several times.

Praise the child if he is good at rolling the ball.

Hold the ball while the child carries it around in the car.

Let's eat

Toys: a plate, two spoons (large and small), a bowl, a cup.

play around

Take out the plate from the chest. Put in a spoon.

Give your child a bowl and a small spoon. Ask to put a spoon in a bowl.

Sit in front of the child with your plate and show that you are eating. Ask to repeat your movements.

Take out the cup from the chest. Show your child how to drink. Pass the cup to the child. Ask him to repeat your movements.

Arrange the dishes on the table with the child.

During the game, you can say:

Here is your plate -

Bright, beautiful.

My little baby

Put a spoon on the plate.

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Choose bright, colorful dishes for your child.

If the child incorrectly took a spoon or plate, be sure to help him.

Put molds in buckets

Toys: three buckets (different colors), three molds ( different types, but identical with buckets of colors).

play around

Place one bucket in front of the child. Name it a color.

Put a mold of the same color in the bucket. Name her color.

Place buckets of different colors in front of the child. Name the colors of each.

Give the baby one of the molds and ask them to put it in a bucket of the same color. Suggest doing the same with other molds.

Lay out the molds from the buckets. And again ask the baby to spread them out.

During the game, you can say:

Let's help our girl

Put the molds in buckets.

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Name the colors of the molds clearly, drawing the child's attention to the same colors of the buckets.

If the child put the toy in the wrong place, take it out and put it in the right bucket, once again paying attention to its color.

Let's play and dance

Toys: rattle, two wooden spoons, bear, drum, bell.

play around

Name different musical instruments and show how they are played.

Lay out the instruments in front of the baby and offer to play on any of them. Name the instrument he plays.

Take an instrument (for example, a rattle) and play it with simple movements (squats, stomps, hand claps).

Take the bear, and give the baby a musical instrument. A child plays an instrument - an adult dances with a bear. After a few minutes, switch roles.

During the game, you can say:

Raises arms and legs

Our little baby.

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Don't play on musical instruments too loud.

Keep the instrument at a certain distance from the child.

Pay close attention to the expression on his face: the sounds of some instruments may not please the child.

Give (take) toys

Toys: bunny, doll, duck, two cubes.

play around

Call the child toys in turn, ask them to pass them to you.

Name and show the action with the toy, while saying: “The bunny is jumping”, “The bird is flying”, “The chrysalis is dancing”, “The cube is placed on the cube”. Have your child repeat these steps.

Take the toys from the child, sit opposite and pass the toys to him, while saying: “Hold the bunny”, “Take the doll”.

Repeat the game several times.

During the game, you can say:

Let me play with the doll

I'll put her to sleep.

You are my best friend

You have my toy.

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When giving a toy, put it in the baby's hands, clearly pronouncing certain words.

Show actions with the toy without sudden movements.

Dress up a doll and a bear

Toys: dress, doll, trousers, bear.

play around

Put the doll and dress in front of the child. Say, "Give me the doll." Try to get the child to answer "on". Then also ask for a dress.

Dress up the doll. Let the child help you.

Put a bear and panties in front of him. Say: "Give me a bear and panties." Try to get the child to answer "on". Then put panties on the bear. (

Remove clothing from toys. Give the child a bear and panties. Sit opposite and dress the doll in a dress, while the baby should put panties on the bear.

During the game, you can say:

Put on the doll Katya

We are smart dress.

We put on a bear

Beautiful pants.

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Show your child the dress and pants from all sides. Show where you need to stick the hands of the doll, the legs of the bear.

If something is not working out for the child, do the steps together.

Consider the already dressed toy.

Teddy bear and doll are tired

Toys: a bed, a chair, a doll in a dress, a bear in pants.

play around

Give the child a doll in a dress. Say: “Take the doll. The doll is tired, wants to sleep. Bye-bye. Let's undress her and put her to bed." Help the baby take the dress off the doll.

Give your child a toy bed. Repeat the words: "Bayu-bayu." Put the doll in the crib, stroke her on the head. Let the child help you.

Repeat the same game with the bear.

Repeat the same game with a doll and a bear, but put them on a chair.

During the game, you can say:

Let me play with the doll

I'll put her to sleep.

The bear wants to sleep too

Put him to bed.

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Treat toys kindly when you put them to bed.

Speak quietly, calmly.

The first birthday of the baby is behind, behind the difficulties of the first year of life. The kid already knows how to sit, crawl, begins to pronounce words, is interested in new toys. With a sigh of relief, parents understand that the older the child becomes, the more opportunities to interact with him. More topics for communication, more games for spending time together. Some of them are educational games. For children from 1 year old, you can already start using them. It is important to maintain a balance in communicating with the baby, not to tire or overwork him.

Educational games for children 1 year old will help your child:

• learn to walk more confidently, and then run;
• listen and understand speech, increase vocabulary;
• know the names of objects, distinguish colors;
• repeat poems after an adult, sing along;
• throw the ball, imitate animal sounds.

Simple toys for child development

Games with improvised means

All toys sooner or later get bored, the baby wants something new, unusual. Ad hoc you can use the simplest things.

Outdoor games for the development of gross motor skills:

• for children who are taking their first steps, you can come up with games with moving objects. For example, with a toy stroller, cart or bicycle. When the baby holds on to the object, you gently pull it. The child takes a step after him. When he realizes that he can walk a few more steps by leaning, this will encourage him to continue to push the object on his own and follow it. The main thing is your sincere joy for his efforts;
• ball games are perfect for getting the baby to move more. To reinforce walking skills, come up with ball games;
• also at this age, the baby will be interested in a small indoor slide. He can go up and down;
• to develop coordination of movements and perseverance of children who already walk independently, such a game is suitable. You will need tennis balls, a bowl and a spoon. The child must pick up scattered balls from the floor, and use a spoon to bring them to the basin;
• hide and seek is the most popular movement coordination game. You will need a scarf. "Hide" under a scarf and ask the child to find you. The kid uses both hands and pulls off the scarf, and then hides himself. Another option is to cover your face with your palms, and the child will tend to remove them with both hands.

Games for the development of speech

At 1 year old, a baby already understands and pronounces some words. Adults need to make an effort to replenish his vocabulary, it would be easier to do it in the form of a game.

Drawing

Drawing helps to develop fantasy, imagination. You can start drawing from the age of 9 months, the main thing is to be able to interest the child in this creative process. You can and should draw not only with brushes, but also with your fingers, cotton swabs, or foam rubber sponges.

Prepare a place where the child can begin to try his hand at drawing, lay out an oilcloth, prepare paints and paper. Let your child try to draw with his fingers. Dip his finger into the paint and then into the paper. So that the baby does not get tired, 15-20 minutes will be enough.

Modeling from plasticine or dough

• Make a ball from a small piece of plasticine and glue it on paper. Help the baby, guide his hands.
• After the baby learns to stick plasticine on paper, complicate the task, give him something small, such as beads or beans. Let him stick them on plasticine. Do not leave the child unattended.

Reading

For a one year old baby choose books with lots of colorful illustrations. He will especially like those pictures of objects or phenomena that are already present in his life. The topics of the books are very large: nature, family, animals, toys, plants, seasons. Also, kids will be happy to look at pictures for fairy tales or short nursery rhymes. It is still too early to introduce the baby to longer works. The child will get tired and lose interest in reading.

If you don’t want your baby to draw on the wallpaper, pour water on the sofa or unscrew the legs of the chair, you will have to constantly come up with exciting tasks for him!

Hooray, we're a year old! A nimble one-year-old is unusually active, he sticks his little curious nose everywhere, is interested in everything, but he still cannot get carried away with toys the way older children do. He perceives all the activities offered to him by adults with enthusiasm, tries to take part in everything, but the concentration of attention is still not enough.

In a peaceful direction

For a baby who has just learned to walk, every corner, every locker, door or shelf will be interesting. However, despite the fact that the baby will be able to occupy himself on his own, you can’t leave him alone in the room!
Do not forget that the baby does not know anything about physical properties objects, he has no fear of death, he is not afraid of heights, suffocation, poisoning ...

The peanut still has no idea about the consequences of his games! In order for the baby not to suffer on his own and not smash your apartment, direct his energy into a peaceful direction by offering him games with varying degrees of independence. At the same time, remember that control over the child is always necessary.

There are two options for classes: the joint games of the baby and mother and the independent activity of the child, when the mother needs to free up some time for herself.

Together with mom

Thus, by the age of one and a half years, the little one will already be able to carry linen to washing machine put the dirty bottle in the sink, collect your toys.

I play myself!

Each new item the kid wants not only to see, but also to touch and taste. For a mother who acts as a guardian angel, this period of time is very difficult, because you need to monitor the safety of the child and have time to do a lot of household chores. There is only one way out - to captivate the baby with something for 15-20 minutes. Most important condition for such occupations - safety.

Hide away everything that can harm his health: small and sharp objects, deodorants and air fresheners, nail polish, lighters, matches, etc. Even if your baby is playing calmly and quietly, check him to be sure that he is not busy with anything dangerous.

1. We work together. If you are reading, let the child sit next to him and look at the pictures in his children's books, talk on the phone - hand the old tube to the crumbs, write the text - put him next to him and give him a pencil and a piece of paper. Even when you are preparing dinner in the kitchen, give the little one a pot - let him drum on it or put non-hazardous and non-sharp spoons there.
2. New old toys. A child usually quickly gets bored with even the most beautiful and interesting toys, and every time he will wait for "something new". However, than more toys the baby, the less they are interesting to him. Get a special chest from which you can get a few forgotten "new" little things, hiding the old ones.
3. Matryoshka. Now the baby is very interested in toys that can be inserted into one another (like a nesting doll). In addition to a classic toy, it can be a set of colored cups, kitchen pots.

   

4. Wheelchair. It can be rolled, pushing in front of you, or dragged by a rope. Wheelchairs are sold in the form of cars, wheels, animals. similar toy easy to build from a shoe box.
5. clothes bag, from which the baby has already grown, as well as scarves and shawls. Children love to try on different things and show off in front of the mirror.
6. Kitchenware. Suitable for any kitchen utensils: pots, their lids, ladles, containers, plastic tableware. The kid really likes to sort through these items, put one into the other. If you're willing to put up with the noise, show your baby how to bang a spoon on a pot, or give him two metal lids. The roar will be terrible, but the effect is so pleasant to the children that it keeps them occupied for a long time.
7. Air balloons. Do not inflate them too much so that the balloon does not burst during the game. Show your child how to play football with them or throw them up.
8. House. Put two chairs side by side, cover them with a blanket, fold down a corner - climb in, baby! You can make a house by covering the table with a long tablecloth. Just remove all things from it so that nothing falls on the child if he pulls off the tablecloth during the game.
9. Feed the toy. Seating dolls or plush animals. Tell your baby that it's time for toys to have lunch, and give him paper "products" - for example, cut out in the form of sweets different sizes and flowers. Put cardboard plates in front of each toy, let the baby lay out a “treat” on them.
10. Old color magazines, or toilet paper. Paper cutting is fun! Let the baby tear it, spread it, crush it into lumps, pierce holes.

    

11. Magic bag. Put small items in a bag and offer them to your baby from time to time. Very small things - buttons and beads - tie into necklaces or sew to pieces of fabric. Don't forget to update the contents of the bag. If you have empty 5-liter bottles at home, small items can be pushed into them. And everything that the bottle “eats” can then be viewed through transparent walls.
12. Sorting box. Find a box with several divisions, arrange items of different varieties in them: chestnuts, large beans, shells. You can also give plastic spoons and several bowls to this box. A child under your supervision will enthusiastically shift and sort little things, at the same time he will learn to hold a spoon and transfer the contents without loss.
13. Sprinkling of cereals. In the kitchen, you can give the baby several containers (cups, bowls) and any cereal. Invite the baby to pour it with a spoon from one bowl to another. The game is easy to vary with various tasks: pour equally into all cups, more in one bowl, a little less in another.